![]() ![]() ![]() Cash "milked" is used to fund stars and question marks, that are expected to become cash cows some time in the future. They are to be "milked" continuously with as little investment as possible, since such investment would be wasted in an industry with low growth. They are regarded as staid and boring, in a "mature" market, yet corporations value owning them due to their cash-generating qualities. These units typically generate cash in excess of the amount of cash needed to maintain the business. Cash cows is where a company has high market share in a slow-growing industry. ![]() To use the chart, analysts plot a scatter graph to rank the business units (or products) on the basis of their relative market shares and growth rates. This helps the company allocate resources and is used as an analytical tool in brand marketing, product management, strategic management, and portfolio analysis. The purpose of the matrix is to help corporations to analyze their business units, that is, their product lines. Henderson popularized the concept in an essay titled "The Product Portfolio" in BCG's publication Perspectives in 1970. The growth–share matrix (aka the product portfolio matrix, Boston Box, BCG-matrix, Boston matrix, Boston Consulting Group analysis, portfolio diagram) is a chart created in a collaborative effort by BCG employees: Alan Zakon first sketched it and then, together with his colleagues, refined it. ![]()
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